Pehea e koho ai i kahi bearing

Nui nā ʻano bearings i loaʻa i kēia lā me ka ʻike liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou.Malia paha ua nīnau ʻoe iā ʻoe iho "ʻo wai ka bearing e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no kāu noi?"A i ʻole "pehea wau e koho ai i kahi bearing?"E kōkua kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe e pane i kēlā mau nīnau.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka hapa nui o nā bearings me kahi mea ʻōwili e hāʻule i ʻelua pūʻulu ākea:

Piʻi kinipōpō
Nā huila huila
I loko o kēia mau pūʻulu, aia nā sub-category o nā bearings i loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻolālā i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana.
Ma kēia ʻatikala, e uhi mākou i nā mea ʻehā e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kāu noi no ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono o ka bea.

E huli i ka haawe a me ka haawe
Hoʻomaopopo maʻamau ʻia nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me ka ikaika o ka pane ʻana o kahi mea i kau ʻia ma luna o kahi amo ke hoʻohana ʻia.
Ke koho ʻana i ka bearing kūpono no kāu noi, pono ʻoe e ʻike mua i ka hiki ke hoʻouka o ka bearing.ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻouka i ka nui o ka ukana hiki ke mālama a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui i ke koho ʻana i kahi bearing.
Hiki ke axial (thrust), radial a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi (a i ʻole ke kuʻi) haʻawe amo i ka wā e like ai ka ikaika me ke koʻi o ke kumu.
ʻO ka haʻawe radial ka wā e kū pono ai ka ikaika i ke kumu.A laila, hui pū ʻia ka haawe amo i ka wā e hoʻopuka ai nā pūʻali like ʻole a pololei i ka ikaika angular pili i ke kumu.

Pehea e puunaue ai na amo poepoe i na haawe
Hoʻolālā ʻia nā pōpō pōpō me nā pōpō spherical a hiki ke puʻunaue i nā ukana ma luna o kahi ʻāpana ākea.Hana lākou i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā ukana liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi, e hoʻolaha ana i nā ukana ma o kahi wahi pili.
Aia ma lalo iho kahi kuhikuhi wikiwiki no ke ʻano o ka haʻi haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻi kinipōpō maikaʻi loa no ka hana:
ʻO Radial (kūpono i ke kumu) a me nā haʻawe māmā: E koho i nā bearings pōpō radial (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo nā bearings pōpopo hohonu).ʻO nā bearings Radial kekahi o nā ʻano bearings maʻamau ma ka mākeke.
Axial (thrust) (parallel to the shaft) haawe: E koho i ka pahu pōpō pahu
Hoʻohui ʻia, nā radial a me ke axial, nā ukana: E koho i kahi pili pili kihi.Hoʻopili nā pōpō i ke ala heihei ma kahi kihi e kākoʻo maikaʻi i nā ukana hui.
Huina Roller & Haawe
Hoʻolālā ʻia nā huila huila me nā huila cylindrical e hiki ke puʻunaue i nā ukana ma luna o kahi ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā bearings pōpō.Hana maikaʻi lākou no nā noi haʻahaʻa kaumaha.

Aia ma lalo iho kahi kuhikuhi wikiwiki no ke ʻano o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke ʻano huila maikaʻi loa no ka hana:
Nā ukana Radial (kūpono i ke kumu): E koho i nā bearings rol cylindrical maʻamau
Axial (thrust) (parallel to the shaft) load: E koho i nā bearings thrust cylindrical
Hoʻohui ʻia, nā radial a me ke axial, nā ukana: E koho i kahi huila taper
Ka Mama Hoololi
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kāu noi ke kumu e nānā ai i ke koho ʻana i kahi bearing.
Inā hoʻohana kāu noi i nā wikiwiki hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe, a laila ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā bearings i koho ʻia.Hana maikaʻi lākou i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a hāʻawi i kahi ākea kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o nā bearings roller.
ʻO kekahi kumu, ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o ka mea ʻōwili a me nā ala heihei ma kahi hali kinipopo he kiko ma kahi o kahi laina hoʻopili, e like me nā bearings roller.Ma muli o ke kaomi ʻana o nā mea ʻōwili i loko o ke ala heihei i ka wā e kaʻa ai lākou ma luna o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻili i loko o nā haʻahaʻa kiko mai nā bearings pōpō.

Pumi Centrifugal a me nā Bearings
ʻO kekahi kumu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ka pōpō no nā noi kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā ikaika centrifugal.Ua wehewehe ʻia ka ikaika Centrifugal ma ke ʻano he ikaika e hoʻoneʻe i waho ma luna o ke kino e neʻe ana a puni ke kikowaena a kū mai ka inertia o ke kino.
ʻO ka ikaika Centrifugal ka mea palena nui i ka lawe ʻana i ka wikiwiki no ka mea e lilo ia i radial a me nā haʻawe axial ma kahi bearing.No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huila huila ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka pōleʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika centrifugal ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka pōleʻa o ka nui like.

E hōʻemi i ka ikaika Centrifugal me nā mea pōpō Ceramic
I kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o kahi noi ma mua o ka helu wikiwiki o ka lawe ʻana i ka pōleʻa.
Inā loaʻa kēia, ʻo ka hoʻololi maʻalahi a maʻamau ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mea lawe kinipōpō mai ke kila a i ka ceramic.Mālama kēia i ka nui o ka bearing akā hāʻawi ma kahi o 25% kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wikiwiki.No ka mea ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā mea seramika ma mua o ke kila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ikaika centrifugal i nā pōpō seramika no kēlā me kēia wikiwiki.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā noi kiʻekiʻe me ka Angular Contact Bearings
ʻO nā bearings contact angular ka koho bearing maikaʻi loa no nā noi kiʻekiʻe.ʻO kekahi kumu, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pōpō a liʻiliʻi ke kaumaha o nā pōpō liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi ka ikaika centrifugal i ka wā e hoʻololi ai.Loaʻa i nā bearings pili ka angular kahi preload i kūkulu ʻia ma luna o nā bearings e hana pū me nā ikaika centrifugal e ʻōwili pono i nā pōpō i ka bearing.
Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana i kahi noi kiʻekiʻe, a laila makemake ʻoe i kahi bearing kiʻekiʻe, maʻamau i loko o ka papa kikoʻī ABEC 7.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka "wiggle rumi" i ka haʻi haʻahaʻa i ka wā i hana ʻia ai ma mua o kahi haʻi pololei kiʻekiʻe.No laila, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka bearing ma nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, e ʻōwili koke nā pōpō ma luna o ka raceway bearing me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hilinaʻi e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana.
Hana ʻia nā bearings precision kiʻekiʻe me nā kūlana koʻikoʻi a he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa mai nā specs i ka wā i hana ʻia.Hiki ke hilinaʻi nā bearings precision kiʻekiʻe no nā noi e holo wikiwiki ana no ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo lākou i ka pilina pōpō maikaʻi a me ka raceway.

Holoi a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa
ʻO ka holo ʻana o ka lawe ʻana ʻo ia ka nui o kahi aʻa i orbit mai kona kikowaena geometric i kona wā e kaʻawili ai.ʻO kekahi mau noi, e like me ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana i nā spindle mea hana, e ʻae wale i kahi ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi e hiki mai ma luna o kāna mau ʻāpana wili.
Inā ʻoe e ʻenekinia ana i kahi noi e like me kēia, a laila e koho i kahi bearing precision kiʻekiʻe no ka mea e hoʻopuka i nā ʻōnaehana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana o ka bearing i hana ʻia ai.
ʻO ka paʻa paʻa ʻana ke kūʻē i ka ikaika e hoʻokaʻawale ai ke kumu mai kona axis a hana nui i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka holo ʻana o ka shaft.ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka haʻi ʻana mai ka hui ʻana o ka mea ʻōwili me ke ala heihei.ʻOi aku ka paʻi ʻana o ka mea ʻōwili i loko o ke ala heihei, e hoʻololi i ka elastic deformation, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka rigidity.

Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka rigidity bearing e:
Axial rigidity
ʻO ka radial rigidity
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa paʻa, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka neʻe ʻana i ke kumu i ka wā e hoʻohana ai.
E nānā kākou i ka hana ʻana me nā bearings angular contact precision.Hele mai kēia mau bearings me kahi offset i hana ʻia ma waena o ke ala heihei i loko a me waho.Ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā bearings angular contact, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka offset e hoʻokau i nā pōpō i ke ala heihei me ka ʻole o ka ikaika noi waho.Kapa ʻia kēia he preloading a hoʻonui ke kaʻina hana i ka rigidity bearing ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ka bearing i nā ikaika noi.

Hapai Lubrication
He mea nui ka ʻike ʻana i kāu pono lubrication bearing no ke koho ʻana i nā bearings kūpono a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka wā mua o kahi hoʻolālā noi.ʻO ka lubrication kūpono ʻole kekahi o nā kumu maʻamau o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka halihali.
Hoʻokumu ka Lubrication i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka ʻaila ma waena o ka mea ʻōwili a me ke ala heihei e kōkua ai e pale i ka friction a me ka wela.
ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka lubrication ka momona, kahi i loko o kahi ʻaila me kahi mea mānoanoa.Mālama ka ʻaila mānoanoa i ka ʻaila, no laila ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i ka bearing.I ka wili ana o ka poepoe (ball bearing) a i ole roller (roller bearing) maluna o ka aila, e hookaawale ana ka mea manoanoa me ka waiho wale i ke kii aila ma waena o ka mea olokaa a me ke ala heihei.Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka mea ʻōwili, hui hou ka ʻaila a me ka mea mānoanoa.
No nā noi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka ʻike i ka wikiwiki e hiki ai i ka ʻaila a me ka mānoanoa ke hoʻokaʻawale a hui hou.Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka noi a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i ka waiwai n*dm.
Ma mua o kou koho ʻana i kahi momona, pono ʻoe e ʻimi i kāu mau noi ndm waiwai.No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻonui i kāu mau noi RPM me ke anawaena o ke kikowaena o nā pōpō i loko o ka bearing (dm).E hoʻohālikelike i kāu waiwai ndm me ka nui o ka wikiwiki o ka momona, aia ma ka ʻikepili.
Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o kāu waiwai n*dm ma mua o ka waiwai nui o ka wikiwiki o ka momona ma ka ʻikepili, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka momona ke hāʻawi i ka lubrication lawa a hiki ke hāʻule ʻole ka wā.
ʻO kekahi koho lubrication no nā noi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia nā ʻōnaehana mist aila e hui pū ai i ka ʻaila me ka ea paʻa a laila e hoʻokomo iā ia i loko o ke ala heihei i nā mika.ʻOi aku ke kumu kūʻai o kēia koho ma mua o ka lubrication grease no ka mea pono ia i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻohui a me ka mīkini ʻana i waho a me ka ea i hoʻopili ʻia.Eia nō naʻe, ʻae nā ʻōnaehana ʻaila hinu e hana i nā bearings i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe aʻe i ka wā e hana ana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka wela ma mua o nā bearings greased.
No nā noi māmā haʻahaʻa he mea maʻamau ka ʻauʻau ʻaila.ʻO ka ʻauʻau ʻaila ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka bearing i ka ʻaila.No nā bearings e hana ana i nā kaiapuni koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi lubricant maloʻo ma kahi o kahi lubricant i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka petroleum, akā ua pōkole ke ola o ka bearing ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o ka lubricant e haki ana i ka wā.Aia kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ke koho ʻana i kahi lubricant no kāu noi, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻatikala hohonu "ʻO nā mea āpau āu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka lubrication.

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: Pehea e koho ai i kahi Bearing
Pehea e koho ai i ka bearing kūpono no kāu noi:

E huli i ka haawe a me ka haawe
ʻO ka mea mua, e ʻike i ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka ukana e kau ai kāu noi ma ka bearing.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ukana liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi me nā ʻeke kinipōpō.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me nā huila wili.

E ʻike i ka māmā holo o kāu noi
E hoʻoholo i ka māmā holo o kāu noi.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā māmā kiʻekiʻe (RPM) me nā bearings pōpō a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka māmā haʻahaʻa me nā bearings roller.

Ke kumu o ka holo ʻana a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa
Makemake ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana e ʻae ʻia e kāu noi.Inā ʻae ka palapala noi i nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi wale nō e hiki mai, a laila ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka pōleʻa kāu koho maikaʻi loa.

E ʻimi i ka Lubrication kūpono no kou mau ʻana
No nā noi kiʻekiʻe, e helu i kāu waiwai n*dm, a inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka wikiwiki o ka momona, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka momona ke hāʻawi i ka lubrication lawa.Aia nā koho ʻē aʻe e like me ka ʻaila hinu.No nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi ʻauʻau ʻaila kahi koho maikaʻi.
Nā nīnau?E makemake ana kā mākou mau ʻenekini pūnaewele e hele pū me ʻoe a kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ka bearing maikaʻi loa no kāu noi.